TELECOMMUNICATIONS
The Information age, particularly in the last three years, has brought more change on the African continent than in any other region. For instance, in Zambia, telecommunication facilities are among the best in sub-Saharan Africa, with high-capacity microwave links connecting the majority of larger towns and cities.
Zambia is a member of lntelsat and has an Earth Station in Lusaka, which gives the country direct telephone, telefax, e-mail and television links with the rest of the world. Most of the exchanges (Over 9 7%) are now automatic, while the remaining are manual. There is an ongoing exercise to digitalise most of the exchanges, public telephones and independently operated cellular telephones are found in the main urban centres.

Postal services are fairly well organised in Zambia and one does not have a problem sending or receiving letters. There are three commercial lnternet Service Providers in Lusaka and another on the Copperbelt.

Public telephones are available in most public buildings, i.e. post offices, and most use tokens. International calls can also be made from a private home or large hotel. Direct dialling to neighbouring countries requires 4 sets of numbers: first the international prefix 00, then the country code, the city code, then the number. Incoming calls usually cost less than outgoing calls from Zambia. To book an operator assisted international call, dial 090 or 093. Local directory assistance is 103. There are secretarial services along Cairo Road in Lusaka that offer telephone, fax, telex and e-mail facilities for a fee.

TRANSPORT
Zambia can be reached by several means of transport. Top priority is given to rehabilitation of the existing transport infrastructure, particularly, rural roads. A Convention was held recently which consolidated the National Policy in the transport sector, with various stakeholders.

AIR TRANSPORT
Zambia has four international airports, namely, Lusaka, Livingstone, Mfuwe and
Ndola with several secondary airfields and airstrips. The airport at Lusaka has just been rehabilitated, while rehabilitation work is going on at Livingstone and Ndola International
airports to bring facilities at these airports to international standards, thus embracing Zambia's
expansion of export and tourism trade.

International Flights
Airlines serving Zambia are:, InterAir, Air Botswana, Air Malawi, Air Tanzania, Air Congo, Air Zimbabwe, Angolan Airlines, British Airways, Kenya Airways, Royal Air Swazi, South African Airways and Air France. There are frequent services to and from Lusaka and a limited number to Mfuwe International Airport in Luangwa Valley. The Airport is 24kms from the centre of Lusaka.

Domestic Air Services
Currently there are scheduled flights available to Chipata, Kitwe,
Kasama, Kasaba Bay, Livingstone, Mfuwe, Mongu, Mansa and Ndola
The air transport sector remains predominantly in the hands of the
private sector, in both passenger and cargo categories.

ROADS
The present gazetted road network in Zambia consists of 37,000 kilometres of road, with main tarred roads constituting about 6,300 kilometres. Grave and earth roads account for about 85,000 and 21,680 kilometres respectively with about 30,000 kilometres of ungazetted community road network comprising tracks, trails, and footpaths. The four main arterial roads leading from Lusaka are:

Great North Road to Kasama and also via the Copperbelt to the North;
Great East Road to Chipata and to the East;
Mumbwa Road to Mongu and to the West;
Kafue Road to Chirundu and to Livingstone and to the South.

Drivers Licence
Visiting drivers must hold an International Drivers Licence. Driver's licences from other countries are not valid except SADC countries. New residents are required to pass a driving test. A person driving into the country on business can have their car admitted without having to pay duty, provided they will not use it for hire or commercial purposes. They will also have to show that the car is owned by themselves or by their company

Road Rules
In Zambia, one drives on the left hand side of the road. The general speed limit on national highways is 10Okm/h, secondary roads 10Okm/h and in urban built up areas 65 km/h unless otherwise indicated.

Vehicle Permits
To bring a vehicle into Zambia one must obtain a temporary import permit (TIP) or, depending on the country of origin of the vehicle, a camet de passage. If the driver is not the owner of the vehicle, they must have a letter of authorisation from the owner for use of the vehicle in Zambia. Your local AA office should be consulted before leaving for Zambia to check whether any of these conditions have changed. Otherwise, write to the Controller of Customs and Excise Headquarters, Box 60500, Livingstone, Zambia.

Arrival by Road
Zambia can be entered by road from Congo D.R, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Botswana and Namibia. : All road borders are open 24 hours a day except for Chembe, Kazungula, Kariba and Chirundu, which are open from 06:00 to 18:00 hours. Victoria Falls Bridge is open until 20:00 hours.

RAIL TRANSPORT
Zambia's rail networks are controlled by Zambia Railways (ZR), one of the major rail companies and the jointly owned Tanzania-ZambiaRailways (TAZARA). The network links Zambia to the Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola in the north and Zimbabwe and South Africa in the south, while the TA7-ARA network links into the line at Kapiri Mposhi and runs to the port of Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.

Zambia Railways is to be privatised soon and preliminary studies considering various options for the commercialisation of ZR are also underway. ZR has recently undergone intense restructuring, with the rehabilitation programming continuing. The jointly owned TAZARA is also undergoing commercialisation.

Arrival by Rail
There are two points of entry into Zambia. One is via the Tazara line from Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, which only goes as far as Kapiri Mposhi in Central Zambia. From there, one can change trains (and stations) for the journey to Lusaka. There are two trains a week running in each direction. The schedules are unreliable and should be confirmed prior to travel. First second and third class (not recommended) are offered.

Dining is not available and very often neither is water. Expect full immigration and customs checks when crossing the border. The other line is from Zimbabwe, via Victoria Falls town to Livingstone. Trains run every second day from Livingstone to Lusaka

Arrival by Water
The only water access to Zambia is on Lake Tanganyika. The MV SS Liemba, one of the world's oldest operating steam ships, runs scheduled services from Bujumbura in Burundi, via Kigoma in Tanzania and docks at Mpulungu in Zambia. The ferry takes vehicles, cargo and passenger in first, second and third class (not recommended). Compartments and meals are available. Delays of up to twenty-four hours are possible.

Distance by Rail from Lusaka:
To Cape Town 3,104 km
To Beira 1,768 km
To Dar-es-Salaam 2,01Okm
To East London 2,871 km
To Port Elizabeth 2,847 km